old man emu

Whoa! That's a bit incomprehensible. We are told that there is a finite amount of everything on this planet. Therefore it is a falsehood to say "there is more of the metal available today than at any other time in history". It is simply that our digging up and refining has accumulated more copper. In other words. if we piled up all the pure copper that has been by mankind over time, the pile is now higher than it was yearfs ago.

As the 26th January is for many Austrlians, both Non-Indigenous and Indigenous, the 4th of July is a big thing for the United States. For the US, it is a celebration of the formal declaration of the 13 Colonies' independence from the British Crown on that day in 1776. However, the 13 Colonies actually had been independent since the signing of the Treaty of Paris on 3rd September 1783. As with all Treaties, it contained a number of Articles stating what was being agreed to. Articles included fishing rights and restoration of property and prisoners of war, and set the boundaries between British North America, later called Canada, and the United States. Only Article 1 of the treaty, which acknowledges the United States' existence as free, sovereign, and independent states, remains in force. One could claim that Australia was concieved on that date, since the myth is that by granting independence to the American colonies, Britain lost a place to dump its convicts. That is not fully correct that the Americas were a dumping ground for British felons. It is commonly maintained that the vast majority of felons taken to America were political criminals, not those guilty of social crimes such as theft; for example. It is estimated that between 1718 and 1776 about 30,000 convicts were transported to at least nine of the continental colonies, whereas between 1700 and 1775 about 250,000 to 300,000 white immigrants came to mainland North America as a whole. It was noted of Virginia that "the crimes of which they were convicted were chiefly political, and the number transported for social crimes was never considerable." The colony of Georgia, by contrast, was planned specifically to take in debtors and other social criminals, "the worthy poor" in a philanthropic effort to create a rehabilitative colony where prisoners could earn a second chance at life, learning trades and working off their debts. Between 1776 and 1783, Britain could no longer transport felons to the American colonmies. Leading up to the signing of the Treaty of Paris in 1783, the British government must have been looking for new places to send felons. Expeditions examined the west coast of Africa, but they were unsuitale due to disease and their inability to support European agricultural methods. As well, the geo-political situation in Asia, the East Indies and Southwest Pacific demanded that the British get a foothold before other arising European powers snapped up what there was to snap up. Based on the reports of James Cook, and the prompting by Sir Joseph Banks, the British decided that the east coast of Terra Australis would be worth an attempt to establish a colony.Under Banks's guidance, the American Loyalist James Matra, who had also travelled with Cook, produced a new plan for colonising New South Wales in 1783. Matra argued that the country was suitable for plantations of sugar, cotton and tobacco; New Zealand timber and hemp or flax could prove valuable commodities; it could form a base for Pacific trade; and it could be a suitable compensation for displaced American Loyalists. American Loyalists were those living in the 13 Colonies who did not want to break with British rule during the American Revolution. It should be noted that Cook only made landfall in two places on the east coast - Botany Bay, in a Temperate climatic area and Cape York in a Tropical climatic area. The British already knew from their expeditions to tropical West Africa that such places were not suitable for colonisation by Europeans. It seems to me that the Americans have forgotten the chronology of their country's evolution. Instead of celebrating the day on which a declaration of why the Thirteen Colonies regarded themselves as independent sovereign states no longer subject to British colonial rule, perhaps they should celebrate the signing of the Treaty of Paris on 3rd September 1783 which granted the Colonies their freedom and sovereignty. Why should the 4th of July be recognised in Australia? Although I maintain it is the inaccurate date for the Americans to celebrate, they will continue to do so as part of their culture. If we accept their mistake, then we can apply that date as the date of conception of Australia without rocking the boat.

Is a dendochronology lab a tree-ring circus?

I agree with Onetrack's suggestion that it is the change in velocity over time (acceleration) that acts on the vestibular systyem of the inner ear. Octave mentions being ill on winding roads. That indicates sideways movement affected the vestibular system. If you are a passenger in car, the bad driving rechnique of the driver can create acceleration effects. (I'm using "accleration" as a term for inceasing and decreasing velocity so I don have to write "deceleration")

I hear that his latest is to stop supplying the Ukraine with missiles on the grounds that the USA doesn't have enough for its own defence.

You have obviously never suffered from motion sickness.

That's a special case. The Police/SES had deemed it safe for 4WDs & trucks to go through the water. What I wanted to highlight was that doing such a thing in the circumstances that often lead to vewhicles being washed off the road is something to be prevented by all possible means. Most frequently you hear of these incidents happening on rural roads where the safety of the crossing is not known.

I think that it should be an offence to drive a vehicle into flood waters to maybe make people think again before doing it. At the moment there does not seem to be a trafic law that covers thyt sort of stupidity. Negligent or Dangerous Driving requires that there is danger to other persons or property. That makes them pretty high level offences.

A couple of years ago I got more than enough rain. I've seen what this place is like in drought. That's why I get concerned when there is no rain for a long time.

If the weather is with you and you have the logistics down pat, I can't see why you can't go from groung breaking to moving in within three months. I would say if a builder had a clear run the only delays would be from getting building inspectors to arrive on schedule.

If there is one EV manufacturer who is likely to fail, it's TESLA. Too over-the-top for the general population. You don't see a Ferrari or Rolls in every garage in the suburbs. People simply want an inexpensive, reliable passenger vehicle. That's the market that the Chinese seem to be aiming for.

Over the next couiple of days the WEweather Bureau says that the coast of NSW will cop a hammering from a dumbell of two Low pressure centres just off the coast. I looked at the expected rainfall areas oiver thoise two days and, as a ereult, I am considering doing a lot of laundry because it will be planty dry around my way.

Oy! Watchit, mate.

I find it mind-boggling just how many bytes have been created and stored since Mankind started storing information this way.

Imagine the data storage requirements for all that data. Gunna use a lot of electricity.

Spacey, you are sounding like Grumpy Old Nasho when you talk about being hard done by during your school years. I can believe that some demobilised blokes would be carrying the mental scars of the war years, and that would have influenced theeir behaviour, but I was educated under a very strict disciplinary regime, and I hold no grudges against my teachers.

Educating kids about money?????? Kids these days have difficulty recognising coinage and notes. It's a plastic world to them.

At first sight, providing money to Wesfarmers for solar panels for its sites smells of something shoinky. However, the article says that the money is actually a loan to be repaid at commercial loan rates. Ther problem that I see in trying to get solar panels on commercial buildings is that there has to be some way that the tennant of the building gets a benefit from the electricity generated. However, that thought can readily be changed if you say that the roof of a commercial building is space that is the building's owner, the same as floor space under the roof is the owner's to do with as wanted. So it's no business of any tennant what money the owner makes from the roof area.

Ts & Cs apply. How many times have you seen that in relation to some product? Just recently I was working through the operating instructions for a TV. I just wanted to find out what the symbols on the controller were. However, I reckon that half of the pages of the booklet dealt with the terms and conditions of use of the TV. Pages of what was once called "fine print" but now referred to as "small font size". Of course I didn't read them. These Ts & Cs must surely only benefit the manufacturer. It appalls me when I see a young child in a pram fully engaged with what is showing on the screen of a mobile phone. Of course, giving a babe a mobile phone allows the mother to be fully engaged with hers, ignoring communication with the child. The Victorian Era idea of education for the masses, which had the implied goal if producing factory fodder, is now condemned by educators whose idea of a education system fails to educate in so many areas.

Just goes to show that the technology is advancing at an exponential rate. The point is, when will this technology be commonplace in Australia? I reckon that those who are Boomers or older shouldn't be too involved in the debate. The adoption of renewables will be finalised after those people have passed on. However, being stick-in-the-muds doesn't provide a legacy to their descendants. Damned if youdo. Damned if you don't.

I think we are talking about two different things when we are talking about providing power to a charging station. What I am thinking about is that, if it was possible to supply 1 MW to each of, say 10 chargr points, then imagine the thickness of the cable that would be needed to deliver the electricity.

I think Trump has been enlightened.

Here is the split between urban and rural. I agree that a city-dweller can recharge overnight at home, and probably would hardly ever need to use a public charging station. However, once one is travelling a long way from home, then one has to use public chargers. Siso has indiocated that for a 10 place 100KW station you need to be able to supply a MW of demand which means a large cable to feed it and possibly a transformer. Grid access in rural areas could not accomodate that load and still keep the local town supplied. Therefore a charging station in a rural location might not be able to support more than four outlets.

Therein lies the problem. Just look at the average petrol station. There are usually at least four pumps for a small station, and many more for teh larger ones. Therefore more vehicles can be refueled per hour with liquid fuel than can be recharged with electricity. Does the future of EVs rely on the development of exteremely rapid means of charging?